To date, the parasites in science, various bodies and tissues have been recognized in 280 types of worms that can develop and live in the human body.The frequency of human infection depends on the climatic and socio-economic conditions of special areas (in developing countries, especially in the tropical and subtropical zone, the level of parasitic infections is higher than economically developed countries).
Human infection methods with Helminths:
- Biogelmintosis (infection from animals).
- Contagioine Helmintons (transmitted from person to person).
- Geogelmintosis (diseases caused by parasites leading one of the vital periods).
Factors affecting the manifestations of Helminthias
The method of penetrating the parasite into the body:
- The degree of adaptation to Helmintin human body;
- Density of the population of parasites;
- Worm residence (tissue parasites live in the thickness of soft tissues and live cleansed in the gaps of emptied organs).There are a teaching and fabric forms of some helmins in different stages.The larvae and development stages of the worms, as a rule, more pathological changes.
In case of re-use, the number of adult parasites in the human body is not increased.This feature significantly distinguishes Helmin sounds from diseases caused by bacteria, viruses, fungi and simple organisms.
Worms in people: symptoms
Helmintosis is a 7-stage course (up to two weeks) and chronic (for two months) and a disease characterized by a few months).
Symptoms of the acute phase of Helminthiasis
The first signs of the disease can indicate themselves in different times (in most 2-3 weeks, 2-3 days later and the incubation period with Phylairiosis can last 6-18 months).
The most characteristic symptom in the sharply phase of the parasitic occupation (antibodies are created for antibodies for antienation larvae of parasites).It can often occur, the formation of a recurrent course, recurrent course, recurring course, regional lymph nodes, and the formation of generalized or local edema, muscle and articular pain.You can also cause the parasite larvae, chest, cough, rudeness, stool disorders, nausea and vomiting pain.
At the same time, the sharp stage of Helminti can be accompanied by more serious disorders (pneumonia, hepatitis, allergic myocarditis, hepatosterogaliya (liver and spleen growth).
The amount of eouxinophils (eosinophilia) in blood increases and normal quantity ratio (dysproteinemia) between protein fractions are violated.
Signs of chronic helminthiasis
The symptoms of the chronic phase are directly in the "settled" and their size and amount of their size and quantity played an important role in the parasites of the chronic phase.
Thus, when single individuals are parasitic in the intestines, the disease may be asymptomatic (excluding infection with great parasites).The characteristic features of the chronic phase of intestinal helminate are dispeptic disorders.In children, Akenoarotic and pain syndrome seem clearer.With the assarids of the mass occupation, the intestine is possible, mechanical juice and pancreatitis is possible.
Helminths consumes all the items necessary for vital activities from the host body, causing the absorption of vitamins, minerals, hydrocarnings, proteins and oils.At the same time, the product of the wolf's life inhibits the normal bowel microflora and reduces the body's immune system.
In people suffering from Helminthias, the risk of weakened immunity and the consequences of the cell and the permanent restoration of the tissue), the risk of malignant tumors is significantly increasing.
Parasitic species of Helminths in the human body
The reasons for human helmination are 2 types of worms: round (nematododod) and plain (tape and saucers).
Round worms
Pinworm
The parasites, which are the cause of enterobiaz, are small in gray-and-white-white wools (up to 10 mm) are thin space worms.The infection occurs in an aliminal way (mouth).The reason for this is dirty hands.The parasite eggs are on the spot, in the wool of infected animals, unforgeted vegetables and fruits, etc.Cutting larva develops in two weeks in the digestive system.To turn into a mature person, the worm parasits the lower parts of the colon's small and upper parts.
Askarida
Askaride, 40 cm (female) and 15-25 cm (male), a large shaft-shaped shape to reach an adult is a large parasite.Ascaride without suction cups or other fixing devices, can move towards the food masses independently.The eggs under the women's parasite are different from feces.
Along with the fruits with water or washed vegetables and soil particles, small eggs occur in swallowing.After the eggs penetrates the intestines, the ripe larvae get out of them.Then those who entered the intestinal wall, they reach the heart due to blood flow and fall into the lungs.Through the lung alveoli, the larvae of Ascarida in respiration and penetrate the mouthpiece.After the recurring swallowing, the parasite reaches the small intestine where it is converted into an adult.The worm lives for 12 months, then dies and differs from feces.In the intestines of a owner, both one or several hundred people can live.
Vlahev
Vlasov, the cause of the cause of the trichocesefalosia, is a white helminth in the primary part of the large intestine and is 4-5 cm.The parasite is fed with the blood and tissues of the rectal mucosa.
The furnaces put in the walls of the intestine, along with the walls of the bulletin together with feces.Their development occurs in the environment (optimal in the land).Eggs with the parasite larvae penetrate the body in an alimony with water or washed vegetables and fruits through dirty hands.
Trichinella
Trichineellosis's Refuge Agent is a small round Helmint reaching 2-5 mm in length.The infection occurs during the use of weak fried meat (pork, bear chicks, wild boar).Parasitory larvae in 3-4 days in 3-4 days in 3-4 days of sexual adult.The lifetime of the worm is 40 days later, the parasite is dying.Driving the bowel wall, the larvae penetrates blood circulation and settles in the whole body or in the muscles.In this case, the respiration and face muscles, as well as the muscle muscles-ADO bends are most affected.
In the first days after the occupation, patients complain of abdominal pain.Then, in about 2 weeks, the body temperature rises to 39-40 s, itching rashes in the skin, muscle pain, and the muscle pain develops and inflicted.During this period, there is a significant risk of death in the state of mass infection.About a month later, the recovery occurs.The parasite is extracted in the form of a spiral, then dies in two years.
Ankylostoma and non-forest
These two parasites are like biological features, as well as in diseases.Thus, it is a habit to combine them under common name (ankillostoma).10-15 mm Worms that reach length are parasitized with 12-p.bowel.It should be noted that this is the most common, and at the same time, rarely identified parasites.The worms of worms penetrate the skin on the human body when they are in contact with the infected land.In addition, enter the blood circulation, they are only as the assarids, transfer to the lungs, then, from Bronchi to the digestive system.Anquilostoma is attached to the intestinal wall in the intestines.Only a parasite that eats blood with blood, emphasizes a mucous, impossible component of the blood vessels that pierce the mucous membrane.During the day, an adult average can receive 0.05-0.35 ml of blood.Therefore, the most characteristic symptom of this helminthiasis is a change in iron deficiency anemia, as well as the proportion of protein fractions (disproteintemia).
Straight worms
The tape in width
This is one of the largest helmasts with a length of 10-20 meters.The disease created by this parasite is called dipillobotriosis.The wolf development period begins with sweet water fish or crustaceans.Larva enters the human body, which is the last owner of a large ribbon with a spawn or infected fish fillet.It is attached to the parasite wall that reaches the small intestine and grows in a sexually mature person within 20-25 days.
Hepatic bacon
A parasite caused by Opisthorchiasis is a flat worm that is 7-20 mm long.It should be noted that more than 50% of the cases of infection with the liver Saucer (cat gardeners are also called) Russia's residents.Parasite larvae begin to grow after the eggs fall into fresh water (snails).Then it penetrates the body of the fish (carp, Crucian Carp, Bream, Roach).The human infection occurs when you eat infected fish without sufficient heat treatment.The larvae of the liver bomb from the small intestine, in the edit of two souts, and penetrates the gallbladder and gallbladder.
Ox and pork
These parasites almost reach the same length of the same length of 5-6 meters.Tusiarinhosis and Tusiasis occur due to infection, cattle or pork use (one of the intermediate forms of Helminthiasis) due to the use of pork.Submitted as heavy bubbles, 0.5 cm, which is 0.5 cm, has become a man's small bubble wall and a mature person in 3 months.The strip parasite, consisting of more than 2000 segments, is constantly growing.At the same time, the latest segments that contain eggs are turned out and act independently independently on the colon, then turns out of the anal or puts it into the external environment with feces.The most characteristic symptoms of Helminthiasis are a violation of the digestive system.
Exinococcus
This is a human being for parasites.The wolf parasits the form of fins in the human body.Echinococcus's last owner is a monster, a dog or a cat.Infection occurs in an alimental way in contact with animals and environmental facilities, in contact with the echinococcus eggs.Once the oncosphere (six-lock larva) develops after entering the intestines.Penetrates blood circulation from the intestine and is carried throughout the body.
Alveokokk
This is the cause of one of the most dangerous helminthiases (Alveococcois) similar to this parasite, cirrhosis and liver cancer, which is considered different echinococcus.The infection occurs with the penetration of the oncosphere (eggs with ripe larvae) to the intestines.The embryo goes out of eggs and enters the bowel walls, penetrates the circuit.In addition, the parasite spreads from all tissues and bodies of the body (localized in the most liver).There, the main stage of development starts in larvae (multi-thaamber bubble, laurelocyst).There is an embryo president of a parasite that continues to gradually develop in each cell.Lavrocysts are very aggressive combinations that are constantly growing, as well as cancer metastases, as well as cancer metastases.
Helminthiasis diagnosis
The diagnosis of Helmintic signatures include the following events:
- A comprehensive collection of Anamnesis, which helps to learn the possible causes of infection;
- Feces, blood, blood, 12p intestine, rectal and perianal mucus, muscle tissue, lumps, lab laboratory studies.Discover the pieces of eggs, segments or parasites during the analysis.At the same time, the growing content of the eosinophils in the blood is a signal on the presence of Helminthiasis.
- The diagnosis of diseases caused by Larval stages or tissue parasites (elisu, RSC, indirect agglutination, immunofluorescence analysis, etc.).
- It is determined to identify helminths affecting ultrasound, CT and endoscopic research, affecting the liver tissue.
Worms in people: Treatment
In the drastic phase of a parasitic infection, the patient is determined by detoxification and defensitizing therapy.During a difficult departure of the disease (liver trematodosis, trichineellosis), glucocorticoids are used according to medical performance.
As the drugs of special therapy, taking into account the nature of the pathogen, it is determined taking into account the nature of special anthelmintic chemotherapy agents.
In parallel, the patient is recommended to buy antihistamines and enterosorbents.The final stage of treatment includes the use of probyos, which normalizes intestinal microfloros.
A special sparing diet is also appointed (food should be easily digested and contain little fat).
During Anthelmintic Therapy, the patient needs to be strictly observed to privacy (to prevent re-preventing).At the same time, with many Helminthiasis, all family members and permanent contact should be treated to treat.